Cervus

[…] and visualized by silver staining.The number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and the frequency of null alleles (Fnull) at each locus were calculated using Cervus 3.0 []. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was calculated using the Excel Microsatellite Toolkit v3.1 [], and Deviation of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (PHW) was evaluated with the GENEPO […]

[…] Genetics, LLC, State College, PA, USA). Genetic diversity parameters, including the number of alleles, observed and expected heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content, were estimated using CERVUS v3.0 []. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were tested through GENEPOP v4.2 []. SSR genotypes’ assignment to different clusters was tested with STRUCTURE v2.3.3 [], using 10 replicates […]

[…] ches, and 10,000 iterations). Observed (H O) and expected (H E) heterozygosities were estimated using Arlequin 3.5.1.2 (Excoffier et al., ). Polymorphic information content (PIC) was calculated using Cervus 3.0.6 (Kalinowski, Taper, & Marshall, ). Pairwise F ST values between sampling locations within species or between S. thompsoni and S. joyneri were estimated with 10,000 permutations using Arle […]

[…] ] and nucleotide (π) [] diversity using Arlequin 3.5 software []. Estimation of genetic diversity (He, Ho and number of alleles) and probabilities of identity (I) for nuclear loci was performed using Cervus 3.0 []. Tests for Hardy-Weinberg (H-W) and linkage equilibria were performed in Genepop 4.1 [] with P-values estimated from 500,000 iterations of the data using the Mark chain method of Guo and […]

[…] th calculated using fstat V2.9.3 []. Expected heterozygosity (HE), observed heterozygosity (HO), polymorphism information content (PIC) and the frequency of null alleles (Pnull) were calculated using cervus V3.0 []. The effective number of alleles (AE) per locus and F-statistics (FST) were both computed using genalex V6.5 []. In addition, Tajima’s test was conducted using dnasp V5.10.01 []. A posi […]

[…] osatellite markers of all sampled individuals, following the methods described in Gazda et al. []. Then, we determined paternity within each breeding attempt through a likelihood-based approach using CERVUS 3.0.7 []. We checked for all nestlings if the female captured near an active nest was in fact the mother; in all cases, the parentage analysis confirmed maternity. We considered a male as the f […]